Many people like gardening at kitchen, and it’s easy to learn why. Growing your own flowers, herbs, and veggies may be a fulfilling activity that makes you feel accomplished and satisfied. There are many tips and methods to help you get the most out of your gardening efforts, whether you are an experienced gardener or are just getting started. We’ll provide you some useful home gardening information in this post to get you started on your gardening adventure. These suggestions can assist you in quickly growing a wholesome and fruitful garden, from picking the ideal area to harvesting your plants at the ideal moment.
Marigold is considered a very important flower in . In the country, it is used in temples, in marriages and on many other occasions. Marigold flower extract is used to treat burns, cuts, and skin irritations. Vitamin C is found in plenty in marigold flower, which is an antioxidant, so the intake of extracts made from marigold flower is helpful in preventing heart disease, cancer and stroke. In some places, marigold flower oil is being extracted and used in making perfumes and other aromatic products. Small flower varieties are specially used for oil. Despite the availability of marigold flowers throughout the year, its demand remains in the market. Marigold is popular in as well as all over the world due to its long flowering and easy cultivation. Marigold is being grown in an area of 66.13 thousand hectare in , from which 603.18 thousand million tonnes of production is obtained.
Land :- Marigold can be cultivated in different types of soil. But loamy land with good drainage is considered good for its good production. Whose pH value should be 7-7.5.
Climate :- Temperate and temperate climate is considered good for good production of Marigold. Extreme heat and extreme cold are not considered good for plants. The temperature for its production should be 15-30 degree Celsius.
Preparing land for nursery :- A high place should be selected for the nursery. In which there is proper drainage, and the place of nursery should be shade free. The soil at the place where the nursery is to be set up is levelled, after that 7 meters long, 1 meter wide and 15-20 cm. Raised beds are made as per requirement and then seeds are sown.
Species :- There are two types of marigold species.
1. French variety :- Bolero, Redhead, Goldjam, Butter, Dustilal, Flamingfire, Flame, Orangeflame, Suncrest etc. are prominent.
2. African Species:- Pusa, Orange Marigold, Pusabsanti Marigold, GoldenCoin, Stargold, Golden Age, Deuce Spun Gold, Happiness, Space Age, Moonshotsmile etc. are prominent.
Plant preparation time :- To get the production of marigold throughout the year, the plant should be prepared at the following time.
1. Summer season: – To get flowers in May-June, the seeds should be sown in the nursery in the month of February.
2. Autumn :- To get flowers in November-December, the seeds should be sown in the nursery in the month of August.
3. Spring season: – To get flowers in August-September, the seeds should be sown in the nursery in the month of May.
Quantity of seed :- 800 gm to 1 kg seed is required to prepare one hectare plant.
Transplantation of saplings :- When saplings are about 30-35 days old or have 4-5 leaves, then it should be transplanted. Transplanting of plants should always be done in the evening. After transplanting, the soil around the plants should be pressed by hand. Light irrigation should be done immediately after transplanting.
Planting distance: – Planting distance depends on the variety. Generally, the distance between marigold plant to plant is 30-35 cm. meter and line to line distance of 45 cm. Keep meter.
Manure and Fertilizer: – To get good production of Marigold, 10 to 15 days before plowing the field, 150 to 200 quintals of well rotten cow dung manure should be put in the field and 160 kg Nitrogen, 80 kg Phosphorous, 80 kg Potash should be applied. is required. Half of Nitrogen and full quantity of Phosphorus and Potash should be mixed in the soil at the time of last plowing before transplanting, remaining amount of Nitrogen is sprinkled in the standing crop after about one month.
Irrigation :- Keeping in mind the moisture in the field, irrigation should be done. Irrigation should be done at an interval of 6-7 days in summer and at an interval of 10-15 days in winter.
Weed control: – To keep the marigold crop free from weeds, weed control should be done from time to time with the help of handhoe and spade.
Topification :- This is a very important work in marigold crop. When the marigold crop is about 45 days old, cut the top bud of the plant by 2-3 cm. The meter should be cut and removed so that more buds can develop in the plant and more marigold flowers are obtained from this.
Plucking of flowers :- Plucking of flowers should be done after blooming well. The best time to pluck flowers is early morning or evening. Before plucking the flowers, light irrigation should be done in the field so that the freshness of the flowers remains. To pluck the flowers, thumb and finger should be used in such a way that the plants are not harmed.
Yield: – 18-20 tonnes per hectare yield can be obtained from African marigold and 10-12 tonnes per hectare from French marigold.
Major diseases and pest control: –
Major diseases: –
1. Humid Fall: – This disease mainly occurs in the nursery. The seed germination in the nursery affected by this disease is low and the stems of the plants start wilting. This disease spreads rapidly in hot and moist soil.
Control :-
1. For its control, the seed should be treated with a medicine called Captan at the rate of 3 grams per kilogram of seed before sowing.
2. Diseased plants should be uprooted from the nursery and thrown away.
3. Powdery mildew: – This is a fungal disease. The leaves of the plant affected by this disease appear white in color and later small spots appear on the leaves and later the whole plant is covered with white powder.
Control :
1. For its control, a medicine named Sulphex is sprayed by making a solution of 3 grams per liter of water.
2. The diseased plant should be uprooted from the field and buried in the soil.
Main pest :-
1. Red Spidermite: – This is a very harmful pest of Marigold. The attack of this pest is more at the time of flowering. This insect sucks juice from the tender part of the leaves and stem of marigold.
Control :-
1. To control it, make a solution of 0.2 percent Malathion and spray it.
2. Slug :- This insect causes damage by eating the leaves of marigold.
Control :-
1. For its control, 15 percent insecticide dust named Teldehyde should be used.
Author:
Dr.Amit Kanojia1, Ankit Kumar Goyal2, Dr.Rajiv Kumar Singh1, Nupur Jaiswal3,
1. Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Jalaun (Uttar Pradesh).
2. Baba Saheb Bhivarao Ambedkar University, Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh).
3.School of Agriculture, I.T.M. University (Madhya Pradesh).
English Summary: Commercial Farming of Mango Flowers, Earn Profits by cultivating Genda Published on: 01 September 2018, 06:00 IST