Many people like gardening at patio, and it’s easy to learn why. Growing your own flowers, herbs, and veggies may be a fulfilling activity that makes you feel accomplished and satisfied. There are many tips and methods to help you get the most out of your gardening efforts, whether you are an experienced gardener or are just getting started. We’ll provide you some helpful home gardening suggestions in this post to get you started on your gardening adventure. These suggestions can assist you in quickly growing a wholesome and fruitful garden, from picking the ideal area to harvesting your plants at the ideal moment.
pomegranate tree
Pomegranate has an important place under fruit production. Pomegranate fruit is considered healthy due to the high amount of vitamins A, C, and E and mineral salts like phosphorus, calcium and potassium etc. in it. Pomegranate fruits are used in fresh fruit, juice and fruit processing industries.
Climate and soil suitable for Pomegranate
Pomegranate is mainly grown in arid and semi-arid areas. Pomegranate plants can tolerate saline and alkaline soil as well. Sandy loam soil is best for getting more production from pomegranate crop. Fruit cracking is a common phenomenon in pomegranate fruit, the main reason for which is found to be excessive change in moisture and temperature present in the soil and atmosphere.
Propagation technique in Pomegranate
By cutting
For fruit production in Pomegranate, the hard wood pen method is adopted at the commercial level. The month of February is considered to be the right time for grafting on pomegranate plants. The grafted plants should be planted in the garden in the month of July or in the beginning of the rainy season. Cutting 20-30 cm long cuttings from one year old branches, Indole Butyric Acid (I.B.A.) 3000 P.P.M. By treating the cuttings, the roots emerge quickly and in large numbers.
By Gooty
In this method, healthy 45-60 cm thick cuttings of one year old pencil are taken in July-August. By selecting the branch of length, completely separate the bark in a 3 cm wide rounding below the bud. In the upper part of the bark removed branch I.B. A. 10,000 ppm Cover with polythene sheet and tie it by applying a paste of moist grass around it. When the roots are visible from the polythene, cut the branch and plant it in a flower bed or pot.
Advanced varieties of pomegranate
Jalore Seedless: It is drought tolerant variety which can be grown in alkaline soil also.
Jodhpur Red: Its fruit is of red color and this variety is considered best for export.
Ganesh: The fruits of this variety are of medium size, the seeds are soft and pink in colour.
Arkata: The best pomegranate variety for processing. Fruits are large in size, sweet, with soft seeds. Aril is of red color and peel is of attractive red color. On high management, 25-30 kg per plant. yield can be obtained.
Jyoti: This variety has been developed by selection from the progeny of cross between Bassein and Dholka. The fruits are of medium to large size, smooth surface and yellowish red in colour. 8-10 kg per plant yield can be obtained.
Saffron: The fruits of this variety are smooth and shiny of saffron or saffron color of large size. Aril attractive red color, seed soft and yield 30.38 kg per plant. yield can be obtained.
Mridula: Fruits are of medium size, dark red in color with smooth surface. Aril dark red colored seeds are soft, juicy and sweet. The average weight of fruits of this variety is 250-300 grams.
Plant transplanting
In pomegranate, the cuttings prepared by the method should be planted in the rainy season. For pomegranate, 75 × 75 × 75 cm-sized pits are dug in the garden in the month of May. Plant to plant distance of 5 × 5 meters is kept for planting pomegranate in the garden. While planting pomegranate plants in the garden, 10 kg of cow dung manure, 250 grams of super phosphate, 50 grams of potash should be filled according to per pit.
Manure and fertilizer
Pomegranate plants need manure and fertilizers from time to time for proper growth and development. 10 kg of cow dung manure, 200 grams of nitrogen, 120 grams of phosphorus and 100 grams of potash should be given per plant in garden plants every year. Urea in black soil and calcium ammonium nitrate in red soil for supply of nitrogen. Use Single Super Phosphate for supply of Phosphorus and Muriate of Potash for supply of Potash. The amount of manure and fertilizers should be increased every year.
Training of Pomegranate plant
To get regular fruits from pomegranate plants, it becomes necessary to prune the plants from time to time. Flowers and fruits continue to form in pomegranate plants that are 3-4 years old. Crooked branches of pomegranate plant are removed from the plant. After pruning in rainy season, use 500 grams of copper oxychloride mixed with 1 liter of linseed oil or spray Bordeaux mixture 1%.
Bahar/ Fruiting control technique
In Rajasthan, pomegranate plants bear fruit or spring thrice a year. Pomegranate’s Ambe Bahar flowers come in January-February and its fruits are harvested in the month of July-August. The time of flowering of Pomegranate in spring is in the month of June-July, whose fruits are harvested in the month of November-December. Pomegranate flowers bloom in spring in September-October while its fruits are harvested in February-March.
Irrigation Management: Irrigation should be done in pomegranate orchards immediately after planting. Irrigation should be done at an interval of 10 days in the winter season, at an interval of 5-7 days in the summer season and at an interval of 15 days if there is no rain in the rainy season. Drop-drop method of irrigation is considered best. Insect disease management Pomegranate butterfly: It is the main destructive pest of pomegranate. Eggs are laid on pomegranate flowers by the female of this insect. After hatching from these eggs, it enters the developed fruits of the plant and eats the fruit from inside. To control this pest, the fruits should be covered with butter paper and spraying of carbaryl drug should be done by making a solution of 1 milliliter of spinosad at 0.5 grams per liter of water.
Bark eating insect: This insect eats the bark of plants. This insect enters the branch by making a hole, due to which the branch becomes weak. For the control of this pest, dry diseased branches should be cut off and put kerosene-rich cotton in the tunnels made by the pest and close the hole with wet soil. Or 2.5 ml of Chlorpyriphos 25 EC per liter Drenching should be done by mixing it.
Mealy bug: The incidence of this pest is highest on the plants in the month of November-December. The babies of this insect climb up on the stem of the plant and suck the sap of the branches and leaves. To prevent this, the soil around the mound should be changed in the month of August so that the eggs of this pest come out and get destroyed. To prevent these insects from climbing the plants, grease should be applied around the stem. In case of heavy infestation, Imidacloprid 17.8 S.L. Dissolve 0.3 ml in one liter of water and spray.
Termites: When pomegranate plants are transferred to the gardens, then the outbreak of this pest is more. For the control of this pest, only well rotten cow dung manure should be used while giving manure and fertilizers to the fruit plants. Apart from this, sprinkle 50 grams of Carbonyl per pit.
Fruit Rot Disease: The outbreak of this disease starts with the rains. Small brown spots appear on the leaves of the plant affected by this disease. To control this disease, two sprays of Mancozeb 2.5 gm per liter or Carbendazim 2 gm per liter should be done after the appearance of spots at an interval of 15 days.
Harvesting and yield of fruits
When the color of the fruits becomes light yellow or red, then it should be understood that the fruits have reached the stage of ripening. The fruits ripen about 5-6 months after flowering. About 100-120 fruits are obtained from a fully developed fruit tree.
English Summary: Improved Gardening of Pomegranate Published on: 11 May 2021, 05:44 IST