Many people like gardening at balcony, and it’s easy to understand why. Growing your own flowers, herbs, and veggies may be a fulfilling activity that makes you feel accomplished and satisfied. There are many tips and methods to help you get the most out of your gardening efforts, whether you are an experienced gardener or are just getting started. We’ll provide you some helpful home gardening advice in this post to get you started on your gardening adventure. These suggestions can assist you in quickly growing a wholesome and fruitful garden, from picking the ideal area to harvesting your plants at the ideal moment.
Higher yields using less fertilizers
Integrated nutrient management is essential for obtaining high quality production from guava orchards or plantations. In integrated nutrient management, proper amount of nutrients are made available to the plants by the mixed use of organic, inorganic and organic fertilizers and fertilizers.
Its main objective is to increase the fertilizer use efficiency, improve the physical, chemical and biological condition of the soil, so that high quality production can be obtained for a longer period of time. Integrated Nutrient Management should be technically sound, economically attractive, practically feasible, and environmentally safe.
Integrated Nutrient Requirement and Importance
Proper use and management of fertilizers
Proper management of nutrients, utilization and reduction of loss
In view of the rising prices of fertilizers, balanced and proper use of fertilizers and providing nutrients through other sources
Maintaining proper and balanced amount of nutrients in the soil
Increase in yield by increasing the availability of nutrients
Getting higher yields using less fertilizers
Increase water holding capacity of soil
increasing the amount of micro-organisms in the soil
Integrated Nutrient Management
Farmer brothers are using less organic fertilizers and more chemical fertilizers without getting the soil tested in their orchards. If balanced nutrients are not available to the trees in proper quantity at the proper time, neither the health of the soil remains good nor proper and good quality yield is obtained.
While the amount of some elements increases due to the use of chemical fertilizers, the amount of other elements like iron, calcium, boron, iron, zinc, copper, molybdenum, manganese etc. is decreasing. Due to non-availability of nutrients in proper and balanced quantity, the production capacity of guava has come to a standstill and symptoms of deficiency of many micro elements have started appearing. That’s why now it has become very important that the main and micronutrients are available to the plants in prescribed quantity. For this, it is necessary that nutrients can be made available to fruit trees from all organic and inorganic sources in a certain quantity, because nutrients have different functions and importance in the growth and production of fruit plants, the lack of which cannot be fulfilled by another element. Can do.
When the balance of nutrients in plants deteriorates, various beneficial activities such as production of food, plant growth, fruit development, disease resistance etc. are adversely affected. Due to which the quality and yield of fruits are affected. Therefore, this type of system in which all types of chemical fertilizers, organic and organic fertilizers can be used to provide proper and balanced amount of nutrients, high quality production can be obtained and there is no adverse effect on the soil and environment, otherwise such management is a proper improvement. This is called Integrated Nutrient Management. Which is also very necessary. While integrated nutrient management is still not fully practiced in our country.
It is very important to get soil test done before nutrient management in guava and other fruit plants or orchards. Before planting the garden, the soil test gives knowledge of the available organic matter, the level of nutrients and the pH value in the soil. The pH value affects the solubility and availability of nutrients. Most of the soil with pH value of 6.5 to 7.5 is considered good for orchards, but guava orchards can be easily established even at 8.5 pH value.
Balanced amount of manure and fertilizers in guava orchards
The quantity of fertilizers and manures in guava orchards is decided according to the age of the plants, nutrients available in the soil and according to the soil test. In guava orchards and production areas, 75 grams of nitrogen, 65 grams of phosphorus and 50 grams of potassium are increased per tree per year for 6 years. Thus, it has been recommended to give 450 grams of Nitrogen, 400 grams of Phosphorus and 300 grams of Potassium to a 6-year-old tree.
For guava, this amount can be increased or decreased according to the report. For guava plants, this amount can be increased or decreased according to the soil test report. Nutrient-consuming roots of guava plants are found at a distance of 2 to 2.5 meters from the stem and at a depth of 30-35 cm. That’s why it is appropriate to give some depth around it according to the age of the plant.
Farmer brothers must give 50-60 kg of rotten cow dung manure per tree per year to fully grown trees along with inorganic fertilizers. Full quantity of well decomposed cow dung, phosphorus and potash should be given at one go in the month of December and January. Half quantity of nitrogen should be given in June-July and remaining half quantity should be given in the month of October. Some farmers take high quality crop of winter season instead of taking main crop of summer season or outside crop. Farmer brother, give full quantity of rotten cow dung manure from December to January, half quantity of phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen from June to July and remaining half quantity of nitrogen in the month of October.
To get high quality fruits from guava orchards, it is necessary to give micro elements like Boron, Zinc etc. To remove Boron deficiency, 0.7 to 0.8% Borax (Suhaga) dissolved in hot water in two times, of which first spray when all the fruits are ready in guava, July to August and second spray 20 to 25 days Do it later. Borax can also be given as fertilizers in the ground at the rate of 250 grams per plant per year.
To meet the deficiency of zinc in guava orchards, according to zinc sulphate 0.3 to 0.5%, first spraying 25 days before flowering and second spraying 15 days before it is beneficial. We can give 600 grams of zinc sulphate deficiency per plant every year by mixing it in the soil 15 to 20 days before flowering like other fertilizers. Along with this, if we mix well rotten compost of cow dung, dry and rotten leaves of plants and organic fertilizers and give them to the plants, then more production of high quality can be taken from guava plants with less amount of chemical fertilizers. .
Nowadays different types of organic fertilizers like rhizobium, acetobacter etc. are available in the market which are used to increase production. In this way, high quality crop can be obtained by the use of inorganic fertilizers and organic and organic fertilizers.
Apart from this, the use of crop residues, earthworm manure, biogas plant manure and compost manure also increases the fertility of the land. In this way, proper and integrated nutrient management increases the capacity of the land, due to which, along with the change in the environment of the plants, the nutrients required for the crops are obtained in the right amount. Due to which more production of high quality is achieved. Therefore, to get high quality and maximum production in guava orchards, integrated nutrient management is necessary.
Author:
Dharampal, PhD Researcher, Department of Soil Science, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125004 – dharampalsagwal3238@gmail.com
Dr. Rajender Singh Garhwal, Assistant Professor, Department of Soil Science, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125004. rsg.rca2011@gmail.com
English Summary: Integrated nutrient management method in guava orchards in the year 2022 Published on: 04 April 2022, 03:50 IST