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Mango is the main fruit of , which has also been given the title of the king of fruits. Along with its delicious aroma, this fruit is a rich source of vitamins A and C. And at the same time it has also been given the noun of the king of fruits.
Mango plant is hardy in nature, so it can be maintained with less effort and less cost. The total fruit production area in is 1.2 million hectares, the percentage of mango production area is about 22%, the production is 11 million tonnes. Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh are the most mango producing areas. It is used in both unripe and ripe stages. Fruits are used to make chutney, pickle and juice, ripe fruits are used in food and other products like jam, jelly, squash, marmalade, nectar are made.
Many types of diseases attack in different growth stages of mango, out of which some major diseases and their management are as follows-
(A) Powdery Mildew – This disease is caused by fungus. In this disease, white colored powder accumulates on the leaves, stalks, fruits and flowers. Affected fruits and flowers fall soon. In severe conditions, fruits do not even grow. There is an attack of fungus on both sides of the leaves, in the later stage, the leaves turn purplish pink, at the time of flowering, cold nights in the rain, the outbreak of the disease is more in the foggy season.
management-
1. Spray sulfur powder at the rate of 5 kg per plant on diseased plants.
2. Spray Hydrosulphur 0.2% or Carbendazim 0.1% or Triademorph 0.1% or Kerathen 0.1% immediately after flowering and do the second spraying at an interval of 15 days.
(B) Blight- This is a very serious disease of mango. There are two types of this disease, vegetative blight and floral blight. There is a suspicion of this disease in the seedlings, trees and grafted mango plants. It gives flowers and when it is full, it is a small festival. Due to which the plant starts appearing like a bush.
Management- At present, the exact management of this disease has not been discovered, but its infection can be reduced by various treatments.
1. Prune the diseased plant parts and burn them
2. Use only certified plants for cultivation
(c) Alternaria leaf spot disease – This disease is caused by a fungus called Alternaria. In this disease, brown circular spots are formed on the leaves, which later spread to the entire leaf. Symptoms of the disease appear on the lower surface of the affected leaves. leaves fall
management-
1. For the treatment of this disease, spray copper fungicide at regular intervals in the fruit.
2. Diseased plant parts should be collected and burnt.
(d) Bacterial cancer- This disease is caused by a type of bacteria Xanthomonas mangiferis. In this disease, small irregular and angular raised water-soaked lesions are formed on the leaves. Later the leaves turn yellow and fall.
management-
1. Using copper fungicide is beneficial for its management. 2. Make a survey of the orchard.
3. Use only certified seedlings for sowing
4. Maintain cleanliness in the orchard
(Y) Shyamvran disease (Anthracnose) – This disease is caused by a type of fungus, Colletotrichum. In this disease, symptoms like spots on the leaves and inflorescences, scorching of branches, scorching of fruits are seen. Soft shoots and leaves are easily affected by this disease. Young shoots eventually dieback. Older shoots may become infected by penetration of the fungus through wounds. Black spots develop on panicles and fruits. In severe cases, fruit may not form at all. And due to this disease loss in production ranging from 10 to 90% has been observed. The disease spreads rapidly in moist weather.
management-
All diseased plant parts such as twigs, flowers, fruits etc. should be pruned and should be burnt.
2. Inflorescence infection can be prevented by spraying all-round or contact fungicides every 12 to 15 days in the rainy season.
Presented by – Vijay Shree Gahlot, Post Graduate Student, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Swami Kesavanand Rajasthan Agricultural University (SKRAU), Bikaner, Rajasthan
English Summary: pest managment in Mango farming Published on: 11 April 2018, 05:28 IST