Many people like gardening at balcony, and it’s easy to learn why. Growing your own flowers, herbs, and veggies may be a fulfilling activity that makes you feel accomplished and satisfied. There are many tips and methods to help you get the most out of your gardening efforts, whether you are an experienced gardener or are just getting started. We’ll provide you some useful home gardening suggestions in this post to get you started on your gardening adventure. These suggestions can assist you in quickly growing a wholesome and fruitful garden, from picking the ideal area to harvesting your plants at the ideal moment.
Lime Lemon
is considered the home of citrus fruits. Various species of this class are found here. The fruits of this class mainly include orange, sweet lime, lemon, malta and grapefruit. Citrus fruits have the third place in terms of area in after Banana and Mango. Lemon, which is colloquially known as paper lemon. Lemon is grown in almost all the states of the country. This fruit is very popular because of its properties. This is the reason that in summer its price is Rs 100 per kg. reach even more. Due to the presence of medicinal properties in it, its fruits are used in various ways. Apart from vitamin ‘C’, vitamin ‘A’, vitamin ‘B-1’, iron, phosphorus, calcium, protein, fibre, fat, minerals and sugar are also present in its fruits.
42 to 50 percent juice comes out in paper lemon fruits. It is used in making squash, cordial and acid etc. as well as in daily food. Drinking lemon juice creates a feeling of freshness and energy in the body. Tasty pickle is also made from its fruits. Not only this, different types of cosmetics are also made by drying its peels. Due to all these features, its demand remains almost throughout the year. But due to lack of technical knowledge and not being able to diagnose pests and diseases at the right time, farmers are unable to get expected benefits.
Lemon plant is of very tolerant nature, which thrives easily even in adverse conditions. Sub-tropical and tropical climate is considered best for getting good production. It can be easily grown in areas where frost is less. It can be cultivated in almost all types of soils. Sandy and sandy loam soil is best for proper growth and production of its plants, in which organic matter is present in abundance. Along with this, there should be proper management of drainage and its PH value should be between 5.5 to 7.5. It is good if there is no hard layer in the soil till the depth of 4-5 feet.
Seeds of Lemon
Many species of paper lemon are popular, which can be selected on the basis of region specific or properties. Some important species are: NRCC. Lemon-7, NRCC Lemon-8 Pusa Abhinav Pusa Udit, Vikram, Kagzi Kala, Pramalini, Chakradhar, and Sai Sarbati, etc. Buy plants from a trusted source or government nursery only. While buying plants, also keep in mind that they are healthy and disease free.
Propagation of lemon can be done by seed, budding and air layering method. Polyembryony is found in its seeds, due to which its commercial transmission is done more by seeds only. No dormancy is found in its seeds. Gooty method is also very popular in paper lemon. By this, good plants can be prepared in less time. Rainy season is best for this work. a pencil-thick branch for making guti; Select 1.0-1.5 cm, which is about one year old. 2.5-3.0 cm of ring size from the selected branch. Seradex powder or indolebutyric acid on the upper end of the barked rings of length; Cover the rings with moist moss grass after applying IBA paste. 15-20 cm of polythene of about 400 gauge from above. Wrap it 2-3 times with a wide strip and tie both the ends tightly with twine or thread. After 1.5-2.0 months, when the roots are visible from the polythene, then separate this branch from the plant and plant it in nursery bags.
If it is not raining, do irrigation immediately after planting. After this, maintain sufficient moisture in the soil, especially in the first 3-4 weeks after planting the plants and after that irrigate at regular intervals. Irrigation of plants can be done by making pond or by drip irrigation method. While irrigating, always keep in mind that water should not come in contact with the main stem of the plant. For this, put a little high soil around the stem.
The timing and method of application of manures and fertilizers are very important in nutrition management. The amount of manure and fertilizers depends on the fertility of the soil and the age of the plant. Soil test is necessary to determine the correct dosage. If manure and fertilizers are applied in a balanced quantity, along with good production, the health of the soil can also be taken care of.
Manure and fertilizers should always be applied 20-30 cm from the main stem of the plants. Should be put at a distance of Apply the entire quantity of cow dung manure in December-January, while dividing the fertilizers into two parts. Give the first quantity in March-April and the remaining half quantity in July-August. Micronutrients in lemon are also very important. Therefore, if symptoms of their deficiency appear, spray 0.4-0.7 percent zinc and ferrous sulfate and 0.1 percent borax.
Paper lemon naturally does not require pruning. But in the initial years of planting, to give proper shape to the plant, the branches should be removed up to a height of about two feet from the ground surface. In the later years also, dry, diseased and crooked branches should be cut. Along with this, identify the water bugs and remove them as well.
For the initial 2-3 years of planting, some income can be earned by taking any suitable crop on the empty space in the queues. For this it is appropriate to grow pulse crops or such vegetables which are less prone to pest/disease attack. In pulse crops, growing moong, peas, urad, cowpea and gram etc. helps in increasing the income.
The problem of fruit cracking can often be seen in paper lemon during the rainy season. Fruits often burst when there is sudden moisture in the atmosphere during dry weather. Excessive irrigation or rain followed by a long period of drought is also the main cause of fruit cracking. In the initial stage, small cracks are formed on the fruits, which later become bigger with the development of fruits. This causes a lot of loss financially. Irrigate at proper intervals to prevent fruit cracking. Gibberellic acid 40 ppm or NAA Spray 40 P.P.M. or Potassium Sulphate 8 percent in April, May and June.
The exact time of harvesting of fruits depends on the variety grown and the season. The fruits of paper lemon ripen and get ready in 150-180 days. When the color of the pods starts turning from green to light yellow, then the harvesting of fruits should be started. While plucking the fruits, keep in mind that the skin of the fruit should not be damaged in any way. It depends on the variety of paper lemon, season and management etc. Normally 1000-1200 fruits are available per plant per year.
Lemon is attacked by many types of pests and diseases, if it is not identified at the right time and proper management is not done, then the farmers have to suffer a lot of economic loss. Following are some of the harmful pests and diseases affecting paper lemon-
its caterpillars; The caterpillars cause damage by eating from the edges of the soft leaves to the midrib. Sometimes it makes the whole plant leafless. Its infestation is very high on the soft and young leaves of nursery and small plants. In the small stage, this pest looks like a bird’s beet. But later the color of the leaf becomes, due to which it is very less visible. The outbreak of this pest occurs during the rainy season; It is more in July-August.
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Monocrotophos 36 S.L. 1 ml or Quinalphos 25 EC. 5 ml Mix and spray per liter of water.
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If the number of plants does not increase, choose the braids from the plants and bury them in the soil or put them in kerosene oil and kill them.
the larvae of this pest; The caterpillar makes tunnels on the lower surface of the leaf with silvery, crooked scales. Due to this, the edges of the affected leaves turn inwards and start drying. Its outbreak is also more on young leaves, due to which the growth of the plant stops. When the number of insects is high, these symptoms are also visible on the upper part of the leaf. It is also helpful in the spread of canker disease in lemon.
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750ml Oxydementan Methyl (Mentasystax) 25 EC or 625 ml. Dimenthoate (Rogor) 30 E.C. or 500ml Sprinkle in water at the rate of per acre.
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In case of severe infestation, cut and destroy the affected parts and then spray the medicine.
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Always keep the garden clean.
Both nymphs and adults of this insect suck sap from young leaves and tender parts of plants. As a result, the affected parts fall down and gradually the twigs start drying up. These insects also secrete a sticky substance like white honey, in which the attack of the fungus increases. This sticky substance is poisonous, due to which the leaves shrink and then they fall down. Its outbreak is also more in rainy and spring season. This insect is also helpful in spreading the disease called ‘greening’.
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Cut and burn the affected parts of the plant.
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Diamanthoate 8 ml in February-March, June-July and October-November or as soon as the buds burst. or quinolphos 1 ml. Or spray Acephate at the rate of 1 gram per liter of water. If necessary, repeat this spraying again at an interval of 15 days.
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Never plant sweet neem plant around the garden.
disease management
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All the twigs and branches affected by the disease should be cut and burnt before the monsoon. And by coating the cut ends of the branches with bordopest, the disease can be saved from spreading.
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Application of 100 ppm streptocycline (10 grams of streptocycline + 5 grams of carprosulfate in 100 liters) or blitox (0.3 percent) or solution of neem cake (1 kg in 20 liters of water) during February, October and December effectively controls the disease. Is.
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Spraying Mancozeb by making a solution of 2 grams per liter of water gives good control of the disease.
Writers: Kamini Parashar1, Abha Parashar1, Omprakash2*, Prerna Dogra2, Ramesh Kumar Asiwal2
1Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Sirohi (Agriculture University, Jodhpur)
2College of Agriculture, Lalsot (Shri Karna Narendra Agricultural University, Jobner)
Email – omprakash.pbg@sknau.ac.in
English Summary: cultivation of lime lemon and advanced varieties Published on: 30 March 2021, 02:45 IST